NEW GENERATION BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTS

The purpose of micro controlled medical devices is to monitor and analyse biological signals and also to present this information in an usable form to physician

A potable, micro controller controlled ECG monitor that recognizes and stores only arrhythmia patterns is being developed. In theory, after strapping on the unit in the morning , a patient can go about all his daily activities. At the end of the day, he plugs his monitor into modem and feeds the data to a hospital computer which will print out hard copy for examination .Recognizing arrhythmia is one of the tasks of microprocessor.

A clock enables recording of the time intervals between arrhythmias and compress data for storage. 

RD IN NANOCOPTORS 

Microscopic helicopter could carry out medical tasks inside the body, have been built and tested successfully. The devices are no bigger than a virus particle. They   consist of metal propellers and a biological component attached to a metal post.  The  biological component converts the body's biochemical fuel, ATP , into energy. This is based to turn the propellers at a rate of 8 rotations per second.This is an important step to producing miniature machines capable of functioning inside living cells. 

SCOTTISH CAPSULE

The first radio telemetry capsules were designed and used for the study of gastrointestinal physiological parameters like temperature, pressure etc.For monitoring gastrointestinal tract without transferring the images , Scottish capsule is an example. For transferring the images wirelessly the Israeli capsule M2A and Japanese capsule Norika are available. 

Optical and electromagnetic tracking systems in medicine 

An optical tracking systems uses infrared light to determine the position of markers in a known measurement volume. Markers can be both active, i.e the markers  are infrared emitting diodes that can be detected by the position sensor. The accuracy is less than one millimeter RMS and range is 1 to 10m 

LAB ON A CHIP 

Lab on a chip technology allows chemical and biological processes to be performed on a small glass plate with fluid channels known as microfludic capillaries. The chips are made with the same micro fabrication used to print circuits on computer chips. Chemicals and fluid samples can be diluted, mixed and controlled using channels embedded in the chip.

By controlling the chip with a computer , activity of the cell can be controlled. The computer sends electrical impulses to the cell chip triggering the cells membrane pores to open and activating the cell.